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According to Piaget's theory, cognitive development alternates between which two processes?

1. Learning and memory

2. Assimilation and accommodation

3. Observation and imitation

4. Analysis and synthesis

The correct answer is: Assimilation and accommodation

In Piaget's theory of cognitive development, the two key processes that alternate are assimilation and accommodation. Assimilation involves integrating new information into existing cognitive frameworks or schemas. When a person encounters new information or experiences, they try to fit this new data into what they already know. For instance, a child who knows what a dog is may see a cat and initially label it as a dog because it fits their existing schema for four-legged animals. On the other hand, accommodation occurs when existing schemas need to be modified or changed in response to new information that does not fit the current understanding. Continuing with the previous example, if the child realizes that the cat has distinct features and characteristics that differ from dogs, they would alter their schema to create a new category for cats, thereby developing a more nuanced understanding of animals. This dynamic interplay between assimilation and accommodation allows for cognitive growth and adaptation as individuals encounter diverse experiences throughout their lives. Thus, understanding how these two processes function together is essential in grasping the nature of cognitive development according to Piaget.