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How did Lofquist and Dawis define work adjustment?

1. A static process of job training

2. A process of environmental adaptation without change

3. A dynamic ongoing process seeking environmental congruity

4. A method for assessing employee competencies

The correct answer is: A dynamic ongoing process seeking environmental congruity

Lofquist and Dawis defined work adjustment as a dynamic ongoing process seeking environmental congruity. This perspective emphasizes that work adjustment is not a one-time event or a fixed outcome; instead, it represents an ongoing interaction between the individual and their work environment. The aim is to achieve an alignment or congruity where the individual's skills, values, and needs harmonize with the characteristics and demands of the work setting. This definition recognizes that as individuals develop and change over time, their work environments may also evolve, requiring continuous adaptation and adjustment. The focus is not solely on achieving initial job placement but rather on ensuring that individuals maintain a satisfactory fit with their environment throughout their career, which can lead to greater job satisfaction, productivity, and overall well-being. This dynamic view aligns with contemporary employment practices that prioritize ongoing employee development and responsiveness to changes in both individual capabilities and workplace conditions.