Certified Rehabilitation Counselor Practice

Individuals with spinal cord injuries at the sacral level S1-S4 may experience which of the following?

1. Complete loss of bowel function

2. Ambulation with little or no equipment

3. Inability to walk

4. Full control over bladder and bowel

The correct answer is: Ambulation with little or no equipment

Individuals with spinal cord injuries at the sacral level S1-S4 may indeed maintain some degree of ambulation, potentially requiring little or no equipment. This is because injuries at these levels affect the lower part of the spinal cord, which primarily serves lower limb function and pelvic organs. People with S1-S4 injuries can retain some motor control and function in the legs, allowing for the possibility of walking, often with assistance or adaptive devices. These injuries can sometimes allow individuals to regain the ability to walk, especially if some nerve pathways remain intact. The ability to use minimal equipment, such as a walking cane or braces, can provide sufficient support for ambulation. While some functionality related to bladder and bowel control may remain, individuals at this level typically experience variations. However, complete control over bowel and bladder function is less likely, as these functions may be impacted by any spinal injury.