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Undue hardship refers to:

  1. The difficulty in hiring new employees

  2. The expense or disruption that an accommodation may cause

  3. The challenges faced by an employee without a disability

  4. The inability of a company to adapt to new technologies

The correct answer is: The expense or disruption that an accommodation may cause

Undue hardship specifically refers to the significant difficulty or expense that an employer might incur in providing reasonable accommodations for employees with disabilities. This concept is rooted in laws such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which requires employers to make reasonable accommodations unless doing so would cause undue hardship. When considering what constitutes undue hardship, factors such as the nature and cost of the accommodation, the overall financial resources of the facility providing the accommodation, the number of employees at that facility, and the impact on operations are evaluated. Therefore, recognizing the expense or disruption caused by an accommodation directly aligns with the definition of undue hardship. Other options reflect different concerns but do not accurately capture the essence of undue hardship as it relates to providing accommodations for individuals with disabilities in the workplace. For instance, difficulties in hiring new employees, challenges faced by non-disabled employees, or the inability to adapt to technology do not pertain to the specific legal considerations involved in making accommodations under disability law.