Certified Rehabilitation Counselor Practice

What does criterion or predictive validity assess?

1. Comparison of the test with a theoretical framework

2. Comparison of the test with a related outcome measure

3. Comparison of the test with a random sample

4. Comparison of individual scores without a reference

The correct answer is: Comparison of the test with a related outcome measure

Criterion or predictive validity assesses how well a test or assessment predicts an outcome based on an external criterion. It focuses on the relationship between the test scores and some relevant criterion that is typically an observable behavior or outcome, demonstrating how accurately the test can forecast future performance or results related to that criterion. In this context, when a test exhibits strong predictive validity, it indicates that high scores on the test correspond with successful outcomes on the related measure. For instance, in the context of rehabilitation counseling, a test that measures a client's potential for successful job placement would be compared against actual job performance or placement rates. The validity is determined based on how well the test scores align with these real-world outcomes, which makes this option the most fitting answer. The other choices do not correctly define what criterion or predictive validity entails. The comparison of a test with a theoretical framework, a random sample, or individual scores without a reference does not involve assessing the predictive relationship or ability of the test to forecast outcomes related to an established criterion, which is fundamental to understanding predictive validity.