Certified Rehabilitation Counselor Practice

Which group of validity types is categorized as criterion-oriented?

1. Predictive, concurrent, convergent, and discriminate

2. Internal, external, content, and construct

3. Qualitative, quantitative, mixed, and observational

4. Formative, summative, embedded, and traditional

The correct answer is: Predictive, concurrent, convergent, and discriminate

Criterion-oriented validity types are specifically designed to assess how well one measure predicts or correlates with an outcome or criterion. This group includes predictive validity, which measures how well a test can predict future performance, and concurrent validity, which assesses how well a test correlates with a well-established measure at the same time. Convergent and discriminant validity are also important in this context, as they examine whether the measure correlates with other related constructs (convergent) and does not correlate with unrelated constructs (discriminant). This categorization is significant because it provides insights into the practical utility of assessments, particularly in fields like education and psychology, where understanding the relationship between test scores and real-world outcomes is critical. For example, if a career assessment tool effectively predicts job performance, it demonstrates high predictive validity, making it a valuable resource for both counselors and clients.