Certified Rehabilitation Counselor Practice

Which model of disability defines it as stemming from a pathology within the individual?

1. Social model

2. Functional model

3. Biomedical model

4. Integrative model

The correct answer is: Biomedical model

The biomedical model of disability is grounded in the belief that disability is the result of a medical condition or pathology existing within the individual. This model focuses on impairments, diseases, and other health-related issues, viewing them as the primary factors that define disability. Its emphasis is predominantly on diagnosis, treatment, and potential cures, often positioning the disabled individual as someone in need of medical intervention. In contrast, the social model identifies disability as a societal issue arising from barriers and attitudes that prevent individuals with impairments from fully participating in society. The functional model focuses on the individual's capabilities and functioning rather than solely on pathology, while the integrative model attempts to combine aspects of both medical and social models. Understanding the distinctions among these models is essential for effective rehabilitation counseling and advocacy.